| V-Cuts | Incising cuts made with a V-shaped carving chisel. In spindle turning, incising cuts made with the toe of a skew chisel. |
| V-Tool | A wood-carving chisel having a blade with two sides, joined together in the form of a V. |
| Varnish | A liquid preparation, or transparent coating, that dries when spread over the surface of wood and forms a hard lustrous surface. Varnish is made from copal gum dissolved in linseed oil. A good varnish suitable for furniture should be transparent, dry hard, resist heat and moisture. It should be tough enough to withstand a great deal of wear over a long period of time. |
| Veneer | A very thin sheet, usually of wood, applied with glue directly to the surface of a piece of furniture, or to a core of plywood or MDF. Veneers cut from burr timber are particularly decorative and often used in show areas such as door panels. |
| Vernis Martin | A generic term for all varnish and lacquer (japanning) used in France in imitation of oriental lacquer, but specifically referring to the four Martin brothers, who were granted a monopoly on imitation relief lacquer in 1730. |
| Vibrating Sander | A lightweight finsh sanding machine On the bottom is an orbital or an oscillating shoe to which abrasive paper may be clamped. When the motor is turned on the sander is moved back and forth over the surface in the direction of the grain of the wood. Mostly fine-grit papers are used in these machines. The oscillating type may also be fitted with felt pads for rubbing down furniture with pumice stone. |
| Vice | A device having jaws to hold stock which is to be worked on, and a screw and lever for tight-ening or loosening the jaws. The vice is usually attached to the left end on one side of the workbench. |
| Vitruvian Scroll | A classically-derived ornamental device in the form of a series of scrolls resembling waves. |
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